CHAPTER 11: SMOKING
Smoking causes a series of chain reactions that are detrimental to human health.
The four main components of tobacco smoke are:
These components all have different side affects. In the test, I correctly described what the two types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPDs) were and how they form, as well as the three forms of coronary heart disease. I have shown mastery in all aspects of this chapter, except in describing atherosclerosis. Therefore, I will correct my mistake.
Atherosclerosis is the main process that leads to cardiovascular disease. An atheroma is a build up of cholesterol, fibres, dead muscle cells, and platelets and is more likely to develop upon damage to the artery wall by high blood pressure, carbon monoxide, or nicotine. When it occurs in the lining of the coronary arteries they become narrow and restrict the flow of blood. This could then lead to damage of the heart.
The four main components of tobacco smoke are:
- Tar: mixture of compounds that settle on the lining of airways in the lungs and stimulate series of changes that may lead to obstructed lung disease
- Carbon monoxide: diffuses across the walls of the alveoli and into the blood of the lungs; binds with red blood cells and prohibits oxygen and CO2 from binding to the red blood cells.
- Nicotine: addictive agent in cigarettes which causes the blood supply to go down but the blood pressure to go up (can cause blood clotting)
- Carcinogens: cancer causing compounds that cause mutation in the genes that control cell division
These components all have different side affects. In the test, I correctly described what the two types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPDs) were and how they form, as well as the three forms of coronary heart disease. I have shown mastery in all aspects of this chapter, except in describing atherosclerosis. Therefore, I will correct my mistake.
Atherosclerosis is the main process that leads to cardiovascular disease. An atheroma is a build up of cholesterol, fibres, dead muscle cells, and platelets and is more likely to develop upon damage to the artery wall by high blood pressure, carbon monoxide, or nicotine. When it occurs in the lining of the coronary arteries they become narrow and restrict the flow of blood. This could then lead to damage of the heart.